Weft-pile-cutting machine.



Patented lune 5, |900.

D. DBEY.

WEFT PILE CUTTINGMACHINE.

(Applicatin filed May 18, 1899.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet I.

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0. DREY.

WEFT PILE CUTTING MACHINE.

(Application med May 18, 1899.) (No Model.)

8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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No. 650,968. Patented lune 5, |900.

, 0. DREY.

wEFT PILE cuTTmG'MAcHlNE.

(Application'led May 18, 1899A (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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N0. 650,968. Patented .lune 5, |900.

0. DREY.

WEFT PILE CUTTING MACHINE.

(Application filed May 18, 1899.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

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, Patented lune 5, |900.

0. DREY.

WEFT PILE CUTTING MACHINE.

(Application tile@ May 18, 1899.)

- 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 (No Modal.)

.THE NoRRxs PE1-:ns co. PHOTQUTHO., wlAsHlNsoN. n. c.

No. 650,968. Patented lune 5, |900. 0.A DREY. WEFT PILE CUTTING MACHINE.

(Application led May' 18, 1899.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 7.

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Patented June 5, |900. 0. DREY.

WEFT PILE GUTTINGVMACHINE.

(Application md my 1s, 1899.)

ssheefs-sheet a.

(No Model.)

lll 1| Tm: Normes Ferias co, Pnnuumo., WASHINGTON, n, c.

NrTsn STATES Patrie,NT Fries.

OSCAR DREY, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

WEFT-PILE-CUTTIING IVIACHINE.`

iiPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 650,968, dated June 5, 1900.

Application lled May 18, 1899. Serial No. 717,270. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR DREY, a citizen of the British Em pire,residing at Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Weft-Pile-Outting Machines,-of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to machines in which floated weft-threads on woven fabrics are cut so as to produce pile fabrics.

In the type of machine to which this invention particularly relates the two ends of the cloth are joined together and the thus-produced endless fabric is caused t-o travel continuously through the machine. In one part of its passage, where it is in a horizontal open condition, the weft-iioats are cut by a suitable knife, which may either be attached by its holder to the machine or be held by the operative. From the cutting-point in the upper part of the machine the fabric passesto and is folded in the lowerpart. The unfolded cloth returns to the cutting-point through staving and tension devices, and each time that the junction between the two ends of the cloth is reached the attendant shifts the knife to recommence cutting in another race.

The objects of my present invention are to simplify the construction and operation of the machines, to render them more certain in action, to reduce the risk of cutting or tearing the cloth,to provide more perfect control of the motion of the machine, and to insure that any accumulation of cloth is taken up when the machine is reversed.

I will describe my present improvements with reference to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 represents a Vertical longitudinal section through the machine, the driving mechanism being omitted. Fig. 2 shows a plan of the complete machine; Fig. 3, the driving mechanism on a larger scale; Fig. 4, a cross-section of the driving mechanism; Fig. 5,-a side View of the same; Fig. 6, a side view of the reversinggear and plaiting motion; Fig. 7, a side View of the reversing motion and plaitiug-tappet Fig. S, an end View of the lattice-driving motion; Fig. 9, a front view of the taking-up motion; Fig. 10, a view of the same from within the machine; Fig. 11, a

chine near the table 36 bythe knife 105. Ou

the shaft 4 there is mounted the friction-clutch 7 andthe pulley 8, which is driven by the crossed belt 9. On the opposite side of the machine the shaft 39 has mounted upon it the friction-clutch 40 andthe pulley 41, which latter is driven by the open belt 42. The shaft '4 has also fixed upon it a wheel 5, gearing with the wheel 6, fixed upon the shaft 10. The shaft 39 also has fixed upon it the wheel 39, gearing with the wheel 39", [ixed upon the shaft 10. This latter shaft will consequently be driven in one or'the other direction, according as it is driven from the shaft 4 or kfrom the shaft 39. By this arrangement of driving-gearing if the machine be driven from the shaft 39 for reversing it will be seen that, vfollowing about the shown ratios of the gearing, itwill beV driven more slowly than in the normal forward direction by the shaft 4. The shaft lO carries the drawing roller or-drum 1l and the wheel 44, which gears with the pinion 45, fixed upon the roller-shaft 12.

Near the top, at the front end of the machine,'there is mounted the guide-roller 3l, around which the cloth passes from the cutting-point to the drawing-roller 11, whence it travels around the roller 12 to roller 33, on the spindle of which 0r near thereto there are mounted the two swing-arms 13 and 14, one of which is separately shown by Fig. 9. These arms carry at their lower ends the parallel 4rollers 15 16, between which the clothpasses just before it is folded by the motion of the arms. These rollers are driven, as shown by Figs. 3 and 4, by a belt 17 from the pulley 47 on the shaft 10. This belt com pels the rotation of the pulley 52, fixed upon the spindle 33, upon which there is fixed the contiguous and similar pulley 53. On the spindle of the roller 16 there is iixed a pulley 54, which is driven from the pulley 53 by a second belt 18.

IOO

The two rollers 15 16 are geared together by the wheels t9 50, Fig. 2. The journals of the roller 15 are carried in slot-bearings, as shown by Fig. 0, in which their movement in one direction is limited.

The fabric 2 passes from the roller downward between the rollers 15 1li. A pendulum motion is given to the swing-arms and rollers by means of the connecting-rod 19 and the lever 19, which at about one-third its height from the fulcrum carries a friction-bowl in the grooved cam 20 on the shaft 21. This pendulum motion and the rotation of the rollers 15 1G cause the fabric to be delivered in folds upon a triangular arrangement of rollers or staves 21, Figs. 1 and 3. To prevent ballooning' of the cloth during the plaiting or folding, there is attached to a stay-rod which connects the two swing-arms a beater 13", which pats down the just-made fold.

Just below the staves 21 there is a drum 3l. Referring to Figs. 1 and 3, it is seen that as the folds of cloth 3 are produced their edges fall tothe right and to the left of the triangle formed by the staves 21. and in superposition with the drum 84, which turns in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1, preferably intermittently. This motion of the drum may be produced by the means illustrated by Figs. 3 and .t. A cam 23 is fixed on the shaft 2t, which is rotated by means of the wheels 39 3U from the shaft 10. The cam aetuates a lever G0, which is connected by a link to the lever 2, on which there is an arm 6l, carrying the click G1", which engages the teeth of the ratchet-wheel G-t, fixed 011 the shaft 2G. On this shaft there is also fixed a spur-wheel S3, gearing with the intermediate wheel St, meshcd with the wheel S5, fixed on the shaft of the wheel S6, which gears with the wheel S7 of the drum 31. The drum is consequently intermittently rotated as governed bythe contour of the cam 23. A second pinion 8S is also fixed upon the shaft 2G at the back of the machine and gears with the wheel S9, which drives the wheel 90, fixed upon lthe spindle of the roller G7, which partly carries and gives motion to the endless lattice or web 2S. This lattice` passes under the drum 31 and returns around the rollers G71G7C,of which one, 67, is adjustable in such a manner that thereby the tension of the lattice may be regulated. ackward motion of this system may be prevented by means of a click SS engaging with the teeth of one of the gearing-wheels or, as shown, with the teeth of an additional ratchet-wheel Se on the shaft 20, Figs. 2 and 8.

By the motion of the drum 31 the successive folds of the fabric are carried down between it and the lattice 2S, upon which they are conveyed in the direction of the roller 67". The consecutive order of the folds is thus reversed, those tirst made being now uppermost upon the lattice. From this condition, at G7, the cloth is unfolded and passes over the suspended roller 30, around the staves or rollers 29, around the adjustable roller and roller 35, the tension-rollers 7-t 74E 74b 7-1 7-td 74e, and the guide-rollers 75 and 7G to the compensating device, through which it returns to the table 3G and the knife 105.

If in existingmachinesof thistype it should be necessary t-o put the knife out of action, the fabric will run forward for some distance before it can be stopped. It is consequently necessary in such a case to return the clot-h so that the cutting of the weft-floats may be resumed at the point where it left oft. This return of the cloth causes an accumulation of it in the machine, which I now diminish by the means illustrated by Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, G, and 7. At the front of the machine there are two treadles 92 and 93, on the lower one of which the operative stands or which she depresses with her foot when cutting. This treadle is connected by the pitman 91 with the clutch 7, so that when the treadle is depressed the clutch is in action. 'lhe upper treadle 925 is connected by a pitman or chain 95 with the clutch-lever 9G. There is also attached by a chain to this upper lever a brakelever 07, to the opposite end of which there is attached the brake-strap 98, which passes over the brake-drum 9i), Figs. 3 and 4. A spring 100, attached to the brake-lever, tends to hold the brake on when there is no weight upon the treadle. By the action of these devices as soon as the operative brings her weight on the lower treadle its connected clutch is p ut in gear, the brake is released and the machine is driven in the forward direction. The instant the operative takes her weight off the treadle the clutch goes out of gear and the brake comes on, with the result that the machine is stopped at once. It she then dcsires to reverse the machine, she depresses the upper lever 93, and thereby puts the revcrsing-elutch 40 into action. The clutchlevers al'e restrained by the springs 101,which tend to hold the clutches out of action.

I will now describe the devices which I employ to compensate or take up any accumulation of the cloth in the machine with reference to Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. A roller 43 is carried by its journals in two angle-block bearings 4G 16 and is normally supported-by the cloth 2. These bearings can travel in the slots 18 48 on each side of the machine. A hook 57 attaches the cord 5l or 51n to each bearing 4.6 46, Each ot the cords passes downward around the pulleys 75 75L and thence upward to a drum 63 or G3, around which two or three turns arc taken, A weight GS is attached to the free end of each cord. On each drum G3 G3 there is fixed a ratchetwheel 7G, having its teeth engaged by a click 7G". Then cloth accumulates in consequence of a reversal in the direction of its travel, the weight of the otherwise unsupported roller 43 causes it to descend and take up the slack, as indicated by the full line, Fig. 9.

As soon as IOO shown by Figs. 14 and 15.

the Yroller commences to fall lthe drums 63 63a are turned by the action of the weights 68, the clicks riding over the teeth of the ratchetwheels. When the forward motion of the cloth is resumed, the roller 43 is gradually pulled upward by thepull on the cloth, and this pull is transmitted through the cords to the weight G8; but now the click 76b prevents theturning of the drums in the direction of the pull, and the cords must therefore be dragged frictionally over their surfaces. The amount of resistance thus set up is governed by the number of the turns of the cords around their respective drums, and the tension in the cloth may thus be readily adjusted. When the roller 43 reaches its highest position, its further ascent is resisted by the bearings coming into contact at 77 77a with the lower ends of the rods 78 78, which are attached to the levers 79 7 9a, thev lifting of which is resisted by the springs 81 81 or equivalent weights.

Instead of the roller 43 a simple stave or bar may be used, audinstead of being constrained to move vertically it may be arranged to move diagonally orhorizontally or even in a curved path. Also instead of the two drums 63 G3 a single drum may be employed ifboth the cords 51 51 be led aroundits surface, and in this case the drum may occupy any convenient position. v

The holder 102 and the sliding block 103 of the knife are constructed of aluminium for the sake of lightness. At the front of the block 103 is the fixed knife-handle 104, in which the knife is freely pivoted at 70, as In work the knife is held by the feeler-clip 71 in close contact with the underside of the cross-bar 59. The feeler-clip is fixed upon the lower end of a pivot, which has iixed upon its upper end a link 72, by the outer end of which it is attached to a corresponding link 73 by the connecting-rod 73a. the upper end of a pivot, upon which there is also fixed an arm 73", on the outer end of which there is hinged the pin 59a, which passes through the wall of the carrier into the block 103, and thus locks the latter. If the point of the knife should penetrate the cloth by accident,.the cloth traveling in the direction indicated by the arrow comes into contact with and displaces the feeler-clip 71.

.This displacement of the feeler-clip moves the links and the connecting-rod attached thereto into the'positions indicated by the dotted lines, Fig. 14, thereby withdrawing the pin 59 and releasing the block 103, so that the latter is instantly free to move in the direction in which the cloth is traveling and carries the knife with it. The motion of the cloth at once turns the point of the knife in the opposite direction, as indicated by the broken lines, Fig. 15. As the knife now points in the direction to which the cloth is traveling, the cloth immediately withdraws itself from the knife and any risk of further The link 73 is fixed upon cutting or tearing the cloth is obviated.- The horns 82 rest upon the surface of the cloth, and thus distribute the weight of the apparatus.

In Fig. 18 the link 73 and feeler-clip 71 are represented, for the sake of greater clearness, as having been displaced through one hundred and eighty degrees; but in practice they are rarely displaced more than from ninety degrees to 'one hundred and twenty degrees. The pawl and ratchet shown in Figs. 17 and 18 are those of the existing construction, the ratchet in the holder 102 engaging the block 103 by its pawl, and so holding the block at the further distance to which it may have been displaced when the knife enters the cloth. The displacement of the carriage or block 103 facilitates the withdrawal of the knife from the cloth. It will be seen by reference to Fig. 1 that the knife-holder 105 is held at an angle to the cloth 2. Hence when the carriage arrives toward the upperend of the holder the knife is gradually lifted and withdrawn from the cloth. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In a weft-pile-cutting machine, the combination and arrangement of two pulleys on two separate shafts, one of the pulleys being rotated by an open belt and the other by a crossed belt so that forward or backward motion may be given to the machine, a drawingroller fixed on an intermediate shaft capable of being driven by either of said pulleys, a brake on the forward motion shaft, two clutches respectively arranged to connect and disconnect the two pulleys, two treadles and means for connecting one of the treadles with the clutch motion of the forward driving-shaft and the other treadle with the clutch motion of the reversing-shaft and with the brake, and gears connecting the forward and backward drivin g-shaf ts respectively with the drawing roller shaft, substantially as described.

2. In a weft-pile-cutting machine, the combination and arrangement at the front end of the machine of two treadles and two clutches connected therewith and iXed respectively on two shafts driven in opposite directions byan open and a crossed belt, links for transmittin g motion of the treadles to the clutches whereby either shaft may be put into or out of action, a cloth-drawing roller on a third shaft, and gear-wheels connecting the third shaft with the backwardly and forwardly driven shafts respectively, substantially as set forth.

3. In a weft-pile-cuttin g machine,clothtension devices consisting of the cloth-drawing roller 11, a suspended roller 30 on which the slack cloth is received from the folds, staves 29 for applying initial tension, the rst tension-roller 35 adjustable relatively to the contiguous fixed roller 35, and the additional IIO tension-rollers 74, 71, 74", 74C, 74, and 71@ over, under and around which the cloth passes before being guided to the cutting-point, substantially as set forth and as illustrated by the drawings.

4. In a weft-pile-cutting machine, the com# bination with feeding means for the cloth and arrangement of a roller arranged to be supported by the cloth, sliding bearings for the roller, cords attached to the bearings, a drum or drums around which the cords are turned, a ratchet-wheel and click for each drum, and springs or weights attached to the cords,substantally as hereinbefore described and as illustrated bythe accompanying drawings.

5. In a weft-pile-cutting machine, the combination and arrangement with a cloth-drawing; roller, of a jockey-roller which compensates the cloth accumulation, two weighted cords bearing,r part of the weight of the roller' and havingr one or more turns around a drum or drums which can be rotated in one direction only by the weighted cords, substantially as set forth.

6. In a weft-pile-cutting machine,v the combination and arrangement withv a block 'or' carriage 103 capable of sliding -in the holder 102, of a knife and the joint 70 connecting the knife' with the sliding carriage and yper-y mitting the knife to be displaced and folded under the holder 102 when it penetrates thc cloth, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I subscribe my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

OSCAR DREY.

VVtnesses:

WILLIAM E. IIEYS, A. MILLWARD. 

